美国经济学paper代写:私有化

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自上世纪80年代初以来,许多发展中国家一直在推行私有化。这种追求往往是私有化的结果,私有化是提供迫切需要的援助资金的条件。然而,在有些情况下,政府根本无力继续补贴国有企业,也无法找到扩张所需的资金。因此,私有化作为一种减少补贴、利用私营部门资本为扩张提供资金、甚至从资产剥离所获得的收入、以及从目前私营企业的税收收入中(从较长期来看)获益的手段,受到了人们的青睐。这些节省下来的成本和增加的收入可能会被政府用来资助社会支出,造福社会,尤其是最贫穷的人。尽管如此,私有化也可能对更广泛的社会产生负面影响,尤其是最贫穷的社会,这取决于私有化的进程。例如,如果分配过程受到腐败和少数行动者获得的国有资产的破坏,它可能导致削减和失业,或者分配情况恶化。因此,研究私有化对发展中国家最贫困人口的影响非常重要。及时建立有效的监管环境,可以在很大程度上促进私有化的成功,无论是在股权方面,还是在私有化后的公司业绩方面。本文首先考察了私有化利弊的理论论证,然后在监管对私有化总体结果影响的背景下,考察了三个国家的案例。建议和结论完成了这项工作。公用事业和基础设施企业的私有化是本文的重点。

美国经济学paper代写:私有化

Since the early 1980s, Privatisation has been pursued by many developing countries. This pursuit was often the result of Privatisation being a condition for granting of much needed aid funds. However, there were instances in which governments simply could not afford to keep subsidizing State Owned Enterprises (SOE), and were unable to find the capital needed for expansion. Hence, Privatisation gained favour as a means to reduce subsidies, utilize private sector capital to fund expansion, and even benefit from revenues raised by divesting assets, and in the longer term from tax revenues from the now private enterprises. These cost savings and revenue additions may then be used by governments to fund social spending to society’s benefit, moreso the poorest. Notwithstanding, Privatisation can also have a negative impact on the wider society, especially the poorest, contingent on how it is gone about. For instance, it may leads to retrenchment and unemployment, or worsening of distribution if the process is undermined by corruption, and state assets gifted to small band of actors.Hence, it is important to examine the effect of Privatisation on developing societies’ poorest. The timely establishment of an effective regulatory environment can contribute significantly to how successful Privatisation is, both in terms of equity, and post-Privatisation firm performance. In this essay, theoretical arguments on the merits and demerits of Privatisation are first examined, after which three country cases are investigated, in the context of regulation’s impact on overall outcomes in Privatisation. Recommendations and Conclusions complete the exercise. Privatisation of public utility and infrastructure enterprises is the primary focus herein.

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