Religion Essay 代写:科学学者的后殖民社会研究
.近年来，现代科学是以不同的学科由谁认为自己是后现代主义的不同的评论家。据他们说，现代科学所提供的知识是西方的，而不是普遍的或文化的中立的。（Bala，a.2008:1），提出了从其他文化对现代科学的贡献识别需求。但他们的需求强烈地拒绝了现代主义的说法，他们的传统知识是神话般的，迷信的和非理性的。还告诉他，传统的知识把世界变成了启蒙科学的黑暗时代。这种分歧是由观察者作为一个“科学大战”（同上）的定义。根据后现代主义，现代科学的历史根源必须在于欧洲，因为它在欧洲的发展。但根据Bala，这种观念是错误的。现代科学的根基是“对话”的对话发生在广泛的文化多样性在复杂的历史和地理路线。（同上）。哥白尼革命是现代科学的一个重要事件，但它深刻地影响了中国，阿拉伯，印度和埃及的想法。这样的多元文化的影响，不仅导致接受日心说也是导致宇宙学和物理学理论的统一。（同上，第2页）
Bala引用科学的印度传统罗南的评价，“在之前的一段时期的科学革命，印度科学提出了一些独创性的贡献，是中国重要的发展，伊斯兰和欧洲。不过，也许是因为当时的宗教基调的印度文明，它从来没有发展成为一个成熟的科学，在印度次大陆过去200年科学有一个初步的西方风味。'（巴拉，a.2008:12）
Bala认为，通过这种方式，罗南试图忽略的贡献，印度在现代科学的发展像小数系统零数字，三角函数的理论和方法，代数的发现，外科医疗技术，以及高度发达的语言理论。（同上）
Religion Essay 代写:科学学者的后殖民社会研究
Recently, modern science is criticizes from different academic discipline by the different critics who considered themselves postmodernist. According to them, the knowledge provided by modern science is western rather than universal or cultural neutral. (Bala, A.2008:1)That raises demand from other culture for recognition of their contribution in modern science. But their demand is strongly rejected by the modernist saying that their traditional knowledge is mythical, superstitious and irrational. And also told that traditional knowledge turn the world into dark ages that preceded enlightenment science. This disagreement is defined by the observer as a 'science war' (ibid). According to post modernist, modern science historical roots must lies Europe because it's developed in Europe. But according to Bala, this conception is wrong. The very roots of modern science are 'dialogical'-the dialogues take place among the wide diversity of culture in complex historical and geographical routes. (ibid). Copernican revolution is considered as an important event of modern science but it profoundly influence by the Arabic, Chinese, Indian and Egyptian ideas. Such multicultural influence not only led to accept heliocentric theory but also led to unification of cosmological and physical theory. (ibid, p.2)
Bala cited Ronan's assessment of the Indian tradition of science,' In the period before the scientific revolutions, Hindu science made a number of original contributions that were to be importantly developed in China, in Islam or in Europe. Nevertheless, perhaps because of the prevailing religious tone of the Indian civilization, it never developed into a full-fledged science, and over the past 200 years science in the Indian sub-continent has had a primarily Western flavor.' (Bala, A.2008:12)
According to Bala, by this way, Ronan try to ignore the contribution India in development of modern science like the decimal place system with zero for numbers, trigonometric theory and methods, algebraic discoveries, surgical medical techniques, and highly developed linguistic theory. (ibid)
